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Cathedral constables are employed by a small number of Church of England cathedrals in England.〔(Cathedral constables )〕 They have been appointed under common law for many centuries. Cathedral constables have a long history and can trace their lineage back to the 13th Century. They have played an important, if little known, contribution in the development of policing in the United Kingdom. Before the onset of professional policing something often overlooked is the close relationship which once existed between the church and the imposition of law and order. In the Middle Ages the parish was the smallest unit of local government in the country. Every parish was centred around the local church and, after the Reformation, was responsible for administering civil and religious government at a local level. Many parishes developed a Vestry - a small body of village officials, answerable only to the bishop and the local justices, and who were responsible for the ecclesiastical and secular well being of the parish they served. Parish constables, sometimes referred to as petty constables, were attested by justices of the peace but accountable to the local churchwardens. Like parish constables, church wardens were locally appointed and oversaw the administration of the parish, good order during services, and the upkeep of the church fabric and property. Similarly, many cathedrals employed constables to keep watch and maintain law and order within the cathedral and its precincts; an area often known as the Close. These officers were appointed by, and answerable to, the Dean and Chapter. Today constables are employed at Canterbury Cathedral, York Minster, Hereford Cathedral, Liverpool Cathedral, and Chester Cathedral. A small number of officers are sworn in and hold the office of constable within the cathedral curtilage, though most remain unattested. In order to preserve their history of tradition, the Liverpool Cathedral Constables formed the Cathedral Constables' Association; their motto 'In Deo Speramus,' simply means, 'In God we trust.' The association has published a short book 'Cathedral Bobbies,' of the history, traditions and work of cathedral's constables. ==Cathedral constabularies== * York Minster Police * Liverpool Cathedral Constables * Salisbury Cathedral Constables (abolished 2010) 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Cathedral constable」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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